路用橡胶混凝土橡胶粉的适宜掺和量及最佳改性剂研究

对废橡胶粉在混凝土路面中的掺用方式、表面改性方法等进行了研究,分析了混凝土路面中橡胶粉的适宜掺和量,探索了混凝土路面中橡胶粉的最佳改性剂及改性工艺。试验研究表明:路用橡胶粉适宜“低掺量”、“高目数”、“多目级配”的掺用方式,其适宜掺和量为4.0 %,最佳改性剂是无机盐改性剂,CaCl2以橡胶粉质量5.0 %作改性剂用量时,能使橡胶混凝土强度提高14.0 %,使混凝土强度下降幅度由27.7 %减小为17.5 %,改性效果明显。     

奥丁越野车制动系统故障案例分析

针对奥丁越野车制动系统故障问题,从基本原理和结构入手,分析各个环节对车辆制动效果的影响,提高广大维修人员对制动系统的认识。     

某微型轿车制动能力不足原因分析及整改措施

摘要：某微型轿车在开发初期,制动距离偏长,不满足技术标准要求。制动距离偏长的原因有很多,一般分析起来比较繁琐。通过运用理论分析和试验相结合的方法,较为容易的找到了问题的关键点,并提出了解决措施,最终使其制动性能达到既定目标。     

An investigation of the effects of pneumatic actuator design on slip control for heavy vehicles

Progress in reducing actuator delays in pneumatic brake systems is opening the door for advanced anti-lock braking algorithms to be used on heavy goods vehicles. However, little has been published on slip controllers for air-braked heavy vehicles, or the effects of slow pneumatic actuation on their design and performance. This paper introduces a sliding mode slip controller for air-braked heavy vehicles. The effects of pneumatic actuator delays and flow rates on stopping performance and air (energy) consumption are presented through vehicle simulations. Finally, the simulations are validated with experiments using a hardware-in-the-loop rig. It is shown that for each wheel, pneumatic valves with delays smaller than 3 ms and orifice diameters around 8 mm provide the best performance.     

The mechanisms involved during the wet braking of new and worn tires

ABSTRACT

Tires are used by the customers during several tens of thousands of kilometres, and before their replacement, the driver will encounter a continuous variation of tread depth due to the tire wearing. Although the wet braking labelling demonstrates the performance of the tire in the new stage, it is known that the wet traction evolves with tire wear. In this paper, an in-depth comparison of the wet grip performance of new and worn tires will be conducted, based on the regulatory wet braking test. For this purpose, we propose an original approach to analyse braking test results, which allows breaking down and quantifying the relative importance of the mechanisms involved during this test. This study demonstrates that two main mechanisms are taking place during the entire test: rubber friction and hydroplaning mechanisms. The µ value obtained at low speeds reflects the friction potential of the tested tires while the decline of performance at higher speeds is attributed to hydroplaning mechanisms. This analysis is conducted on numerous tires and demonstrates that current regulatory test applied on new tires is focussing mainly on the rubber friction mechanism. The same test applied on worn tires exhibits both rubber friction and hydroplaning mechanisms. The mechanisms decomposition shows that the source of the performance decline from new to worn status varies greatly, some tires having most of their performance loss due to hydroplaning, some others due to rubber friction drop.     

制动误踩油门电子制动控制系统

介绍一种制动误踩油门电子制动控制系统的构成、工作原理,并在实车上模拟运行验证其可行性。     

对开路面弯道制动ABS控制策略研究

在对开路面弯道制动工况下分析了轮胎受力情况,提出一种基于转角预测前馈、路径偏移量反馈的车辆最佳滑移率动态调节方法,在SIMPACK中建立汽车多体模型,在MATLAB/Simulink中搭建控制系统,并进行了虚拟在环试验。试验结果显示,与传统ABS相比,所提出的控制方法可以显著改善车辆的侧偏位移、横摆角速度以及制动时方向的稳定性,保证了制动效能,使车辆侧向稳定性得到显著提高。     

汽车爆胎特性建模与主动制动控制策略

为了提高汽车在突发爆胎事故时的稳定性,对爆胎汽车主动制动控制策略进行了研究。根据车轮爆胎时间与压力变化的关系,在UniTire模型基础上建立了爆胎模型;根据电子稳定性控制系统中横摆角速度及质心侧偏角对汽车稳定性影响的关系,基于二自由度汽车动力学模型,通过计算汽车横摆角速度及质心侧偏角实际值与理想值的偏差,并基于线性二次型调节器最优控制方法决策出最优附加横摆力矩,从而修正爆胎后汽车的运动状态。最后通过计算机仿真对所提策略的有效性进行了验证。结果表明：主动制动控制策略可以保证爆胎过程中汽车的行驶稳定性和安全性。     

地铁列车追踪运行的节能控制与分析

为了研究地铁列车再生能量利用,分析给定运行图的节能潜力,以牵引变电所处总能耗最小为目标,依据再生制动等效电路和牵引计算模型,获得地铁列车两车追踪运行约束。在假设前行列车运行状态已知的条件下,采用二次规划算法,优化追踪列车操纵序列,提高再生制动能量的吸收利用,降低系统总能耗。仿真算例与仅考虑单车优化运行策略的方案对比结果表明:给出的算法能够在保证追踪列车正点、准确停站的前提下,节约3.8%的系统总能耗。通过该算法获得的节能效率与列车追踪间隔密切相关,同时调整追踪间隔和采用该优化算法可获得更好的节能效果。     

城市现代有轨电车制动控制系统的研制

分析了现代有轨电车制动系统的主要特点,介绍了四方车辆研究所研制的有轨电车制动系统的组成、主要功能、作用原理及试验验证情况。